Homosexuality and University Press - 5666 Words

Homosexuality (male). Definition Homosexuality refers to sexual behaviors and desires between males or between females. Gay refers to self-identification with such practices and desires, like homosexual, both terms mostly used only for men. Lesbian is its female counterpart. Such definitions have run into major problems, and nowadays the concept â€Å"queer† is used to indicate the fluency of sexual practices and gender performances. Sociological context Since the 1970s, homosexuality has become the topic of an interdisciplinary specialization variously called gay and lesbian, queer or LGBT studies (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender to which sometimes are added QQI: Queer, Questioning and Intersexual). The field is far removed†¦show more content†¦The Dutch physician and homosexual rights activist Lucien von Rà ¶mer worked with Hirschfeld on sexual statistics. In a survey of 308 Amsterdam students done in 1904, he not only counted the men who identified as homosexual (2%) and bisexual (4%), but as well those who had gay sex during puberty (21%) or homosexual fantasies (6%). In the first Dutch gay novel that appeared this same year, the author Jacob Israà «l de Haan told how he as a student made fun answering the questions. He already made clear how unreliable such data often are. Hirschfeld also came with the first urban geography, â€Å"Berlin’s Third Gender† (1904) in which he described the city’s gay subculture of bars and parks and the elaborate world of male prostitution. Mainly German books on the history of sexual morality (â€Å"Sittengeschichte†) that often included chapters on homosexuality, preceded and influenced the work of later sociologists and historians, like Norbert Elias and Michel Foucault. The work of these psychiatrists who started to give names, definitions and identities to disease, crime and perversion, made possible the work of sociologists creating labeling theory. In many ways, this early research paved the way for what would become a sociology of (homo)sexuality (Schmeidler 1932). The enormous body of work, available mainly thanks to early, prewar German sexology, was largely forgotten when the main location of sex research after World War II movedShow MoreRelatedRoman Empire Views on Homosexuality1501 Words   |  7 Pagestoward Homosexuality A popular topic of discussion, when referring to historic Roman culture, is the topic of sexuality. Even more specific is the subject of Roman attitudes toward homosexuality. During the time period of 753 B.C. to 476 A.D. the Roman Empire was arguably one of the most powerful and advanced empires of its age. With such a powerful empire of citizens that were fixated on their pride and, for the males, masculinity, one must wonder what their thoughts on homosexuality were.Read MoreBiological Influence Of Male Homosexuality882 Words   |  4 Pages (1) LeVay, S. and Hamer, D., 1994. Evidence for a Biological Influence in Male Homosexuality. Scientific American, [e-journal] Available through: Research Gate website [Accessed 17 March 2016]. The research article suggests a structure within the human brain and a genetic link indicate the biological factor for male homosexuality. The journal investigates an experiment about the role of male genetics in sexual orientation by analysing the hypothalamus in autopsy specimens from homosexual andRead MoreTelevision Role in Preserving American Values During the Cold War1715 Words   |  7 Pagesrule in preserving American social values and it became an effective tool for politicians and the government goals and agendas. Television keept the American culture and values untouched by promoting television shows that confronted Communism, homosexuality, a long with promoting religious shows that preserved American’s morals and traditions. The danger of Communism spread in the United Sates was a major concern for many politicians and citizens in the United Sates of America. It was JosephRead MoreThe Forgotten Victims : The Holocaust1450 Words   |  6 Pages Spitzer Friday June 3rd, 2016 During the reign of the Third Reich, the symbolization of the pink triangle was used to identify the thousands of gay prisoners who were sent to extermination camps under Paragraph 175, the law that criminalized homosexuality between men. Researchers say that an estimated 5,000 to 15,000 gay men died in these camps, however this figure does not include those who were interned and later released, let alone those who died undocumented and forever forgotten to historyRead MoreEssay about Homosexuality661 Words   |  3 PagesHomosexuality Homosexuality is said to be a preference for affiliation and sexual activity with a person of the same sex. The potential for homosexual behavior appears to be a basic part of human sexuality, since many people experience homosexual interest, curiosity, or activity at some point in their lives. Homosexual behavior has also been observed in most animal species. Many homosexuals prefer to be called gay or, in the case of women, lesbian because of the exclusively sexual connotationRead MoreHomosexuality in Ancient Greece and Rome Essay example1353 Words   |  6 PagesHomosexuality in ancient Greece and Rome Americans endlessly recycle the old conflicts: first we fought about slavery, then segregation, then gender, and now sexual orientation-(Anon). Homosexuality is an on-going conflict in America, as well as other countries. The history of homosexuality goes back to the ancient civilizations. As we have different ideas and ways of dealing with it, so did the ancient civilizations of Greece and Rome. Ancient Greece is consideredRead MoreMedia Analysis of a Current Controversial Issue875 Words   |  4 Pages Homosexuality is the current controversial issue that has hit the media. One cannot avoid the topic of homosexuality in the news, movies, books, social media, newspapers, and even in politics. Homosexuality has become a controversial issue around the globe today. After Uganda outlawed homosexuality in its country, the topic has been trending everywhere in the mainstream media, and the social media. Some nations like the US have legalized homosexuality and this is why there has been uproar afterRead MoreEssay about Sexual Orientation1077 Words   |  5 Pagesorientation is considered highly controversial in our world today. There are many issues that society is faced with concerning homosexuality. When thinking of homosexuality most people refer to the Bible for an answer. There is even more controversy within the Bible’s text. Not only is there reference to the Bible, but also to our mind to answer whether or not homosexuality is a moral issue. Psychological and Biological research is searching for an answer to this illustrious area of confusion. AccordingRead More Homosexuality in William Shakespeares The Merchant of Venice1474 Words   |  6 PagesHomosexuality in William Shakespeares The Merchant of Venice With every great story line comes a theme. William Shakespeare created an art of intertwining often unrecognizable themes within his plays. In Shakespeare’s play, The Merchant of Venice, one hidden theme is the idea of homosexuality. This theme might not have even been noticed until modern Shakespeare fans discovered them. According to Alan Bray’s book, Homosexuality in Renaissance England, â€Å"the modern image of ‘the homosexual’Read More Homosexuality in the Film Latter Days and in Sexual Perversion by Nagel1369 Words   |  6 Pagesbetter understanding on one of the most controversial types of relationships, homosexuality. The topic of homosexuality isn’t easy to openly talk about but it is important as philosophy students, to have an open-mind about topics that we don’t partake in. Doing so allows us to promote new ways of thinking about the world around us and see them in a whole new light. In this personal response paper, I will discuss homosexuality in connection with the film Latter Days to determine why a homosexual relationship

US and Mexico Border Fence Pros and Cons

The southern border of the United States shared with Mexico spans almost 2,000 miles. Walls, fences, and virtual walls of sensors and cameras monitored by the U.S. Border Patrol are already built along one-third of the border (approximately 670 miles) to secure the border and cut down on illegal immigration. Americans are split on the border barrier issue. While most people are in favor of increasing the security of the borders, others are concerned that the negative impacts do not outweigh the benefits. The U.S. government views the Mexican border as an important part of its overall homeland security initiative. Cost of the Border Barrier The price tag currently sits at $7 billion for border fencing and related infrastructure like pedestrian and vehicle fencing with lifetime maintenance costs expected to exceed $50 billion. The Trump Administration and Mexican Border Enhancement As a major part of his platform during the 2016 presidential campaign, President Donald Trump called for the construction of a much larger, fortified wall along the entire 2,000-mile-long Mexico–United States border, claiming Mexico would pay for its construction, which he estimated at $8 to $12 billion. Other estimates brought the cost of the wall closer to $15 to $25 billion. On January 25, 2017, the Trump administration signed a Border Security and Immigration Enforcement Improvements Executive Order to commence the building of the border wall. In response, Mexican President Enrique Peà ±a Nieto said his country would not pay for the wall under any circumstances and canceled a scheduled meeting with Trump at the White House, seemingly straining relations between the two presidents. With the possibility of Mexico paying for any part of the wall  apparently off the table, the Trump administration used existing funds to begin construction of a small section of the new wall, along with improvements to existing sections of the wall in early March 2018. On March 23, 2018, President Trump signed an omnibus government spending bill dedicating $1.6 billion to the construction of the remainder of the wall. As he signed the bill, Trump referred to the $1.6 billion as â€Å"an initial down payment† on the estimated nearly $10 billion needed to fence the entire border. The funds  will pay for construction of about 25 miles (40 kilometers) of a new wall along levees in the Texas Rio Grande Valley, as well as repair and upgrades to existing walls and anti-vehicle devices.   The Great 2019 Border Wall Government Shutdown The issue of the border barrier, and especially the politics behind it, escalated dramatically in January 2019, when Congress refused to include $5.7 billion requested by President Trump for the construction of steel border fencing in a bill funding the operations of nine of the 15 federal executive branch agencies. On December 22, 2019, the resulting stalemate between the White House and the now Democrat-controlled House resulted in what, by January 12, had become the longest lasting government shutdown in U.S. history. On January 8, President Trump, calling the situation on the Mexican border a â€Å"humanitarian crisis,† threatened to declare a national emergency, allowing him to go around Congress by ordering the use of already allocated funds for construction of the border barrier. In a letter to Congress, the White House Office of Management and Budget estimate that the funds requested by President Trump would allow for the construction of about 234 miles of steel fencing to be added to what was by then the 580 miles of barrier already in place at a cost of around $24.4 million per mile, exclusive of ongoing maintenance. While the resulting 814 miles of barrier  fencing would leave approximately 1,140 miles of the 1,954-mile long border still free of barriers, the Department of Homeland Security had earlier stated that not all of the remaining border needed to be fenced. Border Patrol officials suggested that the inherent dangers of trying to cross rugged, desolate desert areas on foot made fencing unnecessary. On January 19, Democrats rejected another immigration reform and border security package offered by President Trump, refusing to negotiate until and unless he ended the government shutdown. On February 15, 2019, President Trump signed a compromise Homeland Security spending bill providing $1.375 billion for 55 miles of new border fencing. The same day, he made good on his threat to declare a national emergency to build the wall. Under the terms of the emergency proclamation, $3.5 billion was redirected from the Defense Department’s military construction budget to the construction of new border wall. In addition, he used executive orders to redirect another $3.1 billion from the Departments of Defense and Treasury’s drug interdiction programs to wall building. White House officials said the combined money would pay for at least 234 miles â€Å"of new physical barrier† along the border. While no further details were provided, President Trump stated in a Twitter post on March 8, 2019, that, â€Å"The Wall is being built and is well under construction.† History of the Border Barrier In 1924, Congress created the U.S. Border Patrol. Illegal immigration increased in the late 1970s, but it was in the 1990s when drug trafficking and illegal immigration had a major uptick and concerns about the nations security became an important issue. Border Control agents and the military succeeded in reducing the number of smugglers and illegal crossings for a period of time, but once the military left, activity again increased. After the September 11 terrorist attacks in the U.S., homeland security was again a priority. Many ideas were tossed around during the next few years on what could be done to permanently secure the border. And, in 2006, the Secure Fence Act was passed to build 700 miles of double-reinforced security fencing in areas along the border prone to drug trafficking and illegal immigration. President Bush also deployed 6,000 National Guardsmen to the Mexico border to assist with border control. Reasons for the Border Barrier Historically, policing borders has been integral to the preservation of nations around the globe for centuries. The construction of a barrier to safeguard American citizens from illegal activities is considered by some to be in the  best interest of the nation.  The pros of a border barrier include overall homeland security, the cost of lost tax revenue and strain on government resources and the past successes of border enforcement. Rising Cost of Illegal Immigration Illegal immigration  is estimated to cost the United States millions of dollars, and according to Trump, $113 billion a year in lost income tax revenue. Illegal immigration is considered a strain on government spending by overburdening social welfare, health, and education programs. Border Enforcement Past Success The use of physical barriers and high-tech surveillance equipment increases the probability of apprehension and have shown some success. Arizona has been the epicenter of crossings by illegal immigrants for several years. In one year, authorities apprehended 8,600 people trying to enter the U.S. illegally in the Barry M. Goldwater Air Force Range used for air-to-ground bombing practice by Air Force pilots. The number of people caught crossing San Diegos border illegally has also dropped dramatically. In the early 1990s, about 600,000 people attempted to cross the border illegally. After the construction of a fence and increased  border patrols,  that number dropped to 39,000 in 2015. Reasons Against the Border Barrier The question of the effectiveness of a physical barrier that has workarounds is a significant concern to those opposed to a border barrier. The barrier has been criticized for being easy to get around. Some methods include digging under it, sometimes using complex tunnel systems, climbing the fence and using wire cutters to remove barbed-wire or locating and digging holes in vulnerable sections of the border. Many people have also traveled by boat through the Gulf of Mexico, the Pacific Coast or fly in and overstay their visas. There are other concerns such as the message it sends to our neighbors and the rest of the world and the human toll of crossing the border. In addition, a border wall affects wildlife on both sides, fragmenting the habitat and disrupting essential animal migration patterns.   Message to the World A segment of the American population feels that the United States should send a message of freedom and hope to those seeking a better way of life instead of sending a keep out message at our border. It is suggested that the answer does not lie in barriers; it entails  comprehensive immigration reform, which means these immigration issues need fixing, instead of building fences, which are as effective as putting a bandage on a gaping wound. In addition, a border barrier divides the land of three indigenous nations. Human Toll on Crossing the Border Barriers wont stop people from wanting a better life. And in some cases, theyre willing to pay the highest price for the opportunity. People smugglers, called coyotes, charge astronomical fees for passage. When smuggling costs rise, it becomes less cost-effective for individuals to travel back and forth for seasonal work, so they remain in the U.S. Now the whole family must make the trip to keep everyone together. Children, infants and the elderly attempt to cross. The conditions are extreme and some people will go for days without food or water. According to the Human Rights National Commission of Mexico and the American Civil Liberties Union, almost 5,000 people have died attempting to crossing the border between 1994 and 2007. Environmental Impact Most environmentalists oppose the border barrier. Physical barriers hinder migrating wildlife, and plans show the fence will fragment wildlife refuges and private sanctuaries. Conservation groups are appalled that the Department of Homeland Security is bypassing dozens of environmental and land-management laws in order to build the border fence. More than 30 laws are being waived, including the Endangered Species Act and the National Environmental Policy Act. Updated by Robert Longley

The painting A Jeu de Paume Before a Country Palace Free Essays

Adriaen van de Venne `s painting   A Jeu de Paume Before a Country Palace: An Analysis The painting A Jeu de Paume Before a Country Palace is a small painting by the Dutch artist Adriaen van de Venne.   The beauty of this painting is spectacular.   The picture presented is busy with many people in the depiction as well as many activities. We will write a custom essay sample on The painting A Jeu de Paume Before a Country Palace or any similar topic only for you Order Now At first the eye is drawn to the palace.   Even though it is in the country, it is ornate and impressive with its spires and cupolas.   Faded into the background is the image of a silhouette of a village.   The sky is littered with birds, and dogs dominate the crowd scene. Bordered by an elegant fountain and garden on one side and a forest with goats and deer on the other, there is a game of ball taking place.   Many people of all classes and backgrounds are entertained by watching the game.   In the left hand corner there are lovers who are oblivious to the rest of the excitement.   The one character that stands out is the middle aged, hefty man in the front who is dressed as a country gentleman.   There is a sense of frivolity in the mood of this painting.   A Jeu de Paume Before a Country Palace was painted in sixteen fourteen.   The oil on panel is six and one half by nine inches.   This painting and its companion, A Merry Company in an Arbor, were part of a series of four landscapes representing the seasons. This painting probably represents summer. (A Jeu de Paume Before a Country Palace)   The painter, Adriaen van de Venne, was born in 1589 in Delft, Netherlands, and died in 1662in The Hague, Netherlands. How to cite The painting A Jeu de Paume Before a Country Palace, Papers

Henry More free essay sample

Born: Oct 1614 in Grantham, Lincolnshire, England Died: 1 Sept 1687 in Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, England Henry More s male parent was Alexander More who had been city manager of Grantham on several occasions. Alexander More was financially good off and able to give his boy a top category instruction. Small is known of his childhood except for a few remarks More makes himself in the Foreword of his Collected Works. There he writes that he was brought up ( see or ) : parents who were great Genevans ( but withall really pious and good 1s ) . He was brought up to be ever believing of faith: even in my earliest childhood, an inward sense of the Divine Presence was so strong upon my head, that I did so believe, there could be no title, word, or thought hidden from Him. After go toing Grantham Free School ( the Grammar School ) , More was sent to Eton when he was 14 old ages old. Here he came to alter his spiritual positions, rejecting Calvinism which had the impression of predestination as a metaphysical necessity and the footing of religion. More came to the belief, which he held strongly throughout his life, that redemption was possible though goodness. During this clip his male parent had put his upbringing in the custodies of an uncle who tried to forestall the immature More from being so frontward by welting him to seek to do him return to the Calvinist thoughts about free-will. Floging surely did nil to return More to Calvinism, possibly it had merely the opposite consequence. In 1631 More entered Christ s College Cambridge. He wrote of his experiences as an undergraduate ( see or ) : [ I plunged ] over caput and ears in the survey of doctrine ; assuring a most fantastic felicity to myself in it. Aristotle, hence, Cardan, Julius Scaliger and other philosophers of the greatest note I really diligently pursued. In which the truth is, that I met here and at that place with some things wittily and acutely and sometimes besides solidly spoken: yet the most seemed to me either false or unsure, or else so obvious and fiddling, that I look upon myself as holding obviously lost my clip in reading such writers. And to talk all in a word, those about whole four old ages which I spent on surveies of this sort ended in nil, in a mode, but mere agnosticism. More calibrated with a B.A. in 1636 and remained at Cambridge to go on his surveies being elected a Fellow of Christ s College in 1639. He turned his philosophical surveies towards Plato, the Platonists and the Neoplatonists going a member of the Cambridge Platonists. Possibly we should travel towards the ground why More is included in an archive of mathematicians. He was a adult male of wide acquisition, and the thoughts of experimental natural doctrine were to the bow due to those who would organize the Royal Society. These thoughts of experimental doctrine attracted More and he besides became influenced by the Hagiographas of Descartes which: seemed to demo how to unite a scientific involvement in nature with a primary concern for justifying the world of God and immortal human psyches. However, as he studied the mechanical doctrine of Descartes he became unhappy with it. More argued that Descartes thoughts must necessarily take God from nature and so lead to atheism. During 1648 and 1649 More and Descartes corresponded about the mechanical doctrine and this correspondence was finally published as The Immortality of the Soule ( 1659 ) . More argued that the gesture of a organic structure was an built-in belongings of that organic structure, and that it was impossible for gesture to be transferred from one organic structure to another. This, of class, seems to belie common sense for if a turn overing ball strikes a ball which is at remainder so the ball starts to travel. More does non deny this fact which any simple experiment will verify, but he claimed that the gesture of the 2nd ball is from an internal belongings of its ain, awakened by the impact of the first ball. I am the more inclined to this sentiment, that there is perfectly no transportation of gestures ; but that a 2nd organic structure is as it were awakened into gesture by the impact of the first organic structure, as this or that event awakens the psyche to contemplation. And that the 2nd organic structure does non so much receive gesture from the first, as put itself into gesture at the command of the first. Of class More s thoughts here are wholly unsound but when he attacks Descartes whirl theory planetal gesture the he is on stronger land: Why are non your whirls in the signifier of columns or cylinders instead than el lipses, since any point of the axis of a whirl is as it were a Centre from which the heavenly affair recedes with, every bit far as I can see, a entirely changeless drift? Who causes all the planets non to go around in one plane ( the plane of the ecliptic ) ? And the Moon itself, neither in the plane of the Earth s equator nor in a plane analogue to this? More published Antidote Against Atheisme in 1652. In this work he argues that all countries of natural doctrine necessitate a Spirit of Nature . In peculiar he argued against the mechanical accounts of the spring and weight of the air as Boyle put forwards by Boyle shortly earlier. More wrote in a missive: I be non wholly satisfied that his self-contradictory illations from the experiments are true. There will be a Spirit of Nature for all of this In all his statements one would hold to state that either More had non read the plants of Galileo and Pascal, or that he had failed to understand their statements. Surely More puts forward statements against the spring and weight of air which had already been answered by Pascal. More did non merely utilize philosophical statements against Boyle, nevertheless. He was a committed experimental scientist and he undertook a series of hydrostatic and pneumatic experiments to confute Boyle s theory. More may hold been strongly opposed to Boyle s mechanical doctrine, but he was good fain towards the experimental doctrine of those in the Royal Society. He was proposed for family of the Royal Society by Wilkins on 4 June 1662 and elected on 17 September of that twelvemonth. However, when the Society received its Charter from Charles II on 10 May 1663, More ( and several others ) were omitted from the list of Fellows. On 25 May 1664 Wilkins once more proposed More for the family and he was elected ( for a 2nd clip ) at the meeting one hebdomad subsequently. In 1670 More published Enchridion Metaphysicum. This work repeated More s expostulations to the mechanical doctrine of Boyle and several other members of the Royal Society. Of class there were deep jobs which related to infinite and affair, action at a distance and the vacuity which scientists were fighting with at this clip and More s positions provided motive to many scientists to clear up their ain thoughts and better their statements. Space was a peculiarly hard construct and More basically identifies it with God: I on the contrary when I have obviously proved that the internal infinite is truly distinguishable from affair, I conclude that it is for that ground a certain immaterial substance or spirit, merely as the Pythagoreans once thought. And so through that same gate through which the Cartesian doctrine seemed to mean to except God from the universe, I on the contrary ( and I am confident that success will be vouchsafed me ) strive to re-introduce Him. And this space and immobile extension appears to be non merely existent but Godhead. One other thing about Henry More which we should discourse is his relation to Newton. Newton was born near to Grantham and attended the Free School in Grantham. In fact he had diggingss in Grantham for seven old ages with a Mr Clark, the brother of a instructor at the Free School. More, who was about 30 old ages older than Newton, frequently returned to his place town of Grantham and when he did so he lived with one of the two Clark brothers. Therefore when More was a major figure at Cambridge he must hold got to cognize the immature student Newton. We surely know that there was contact between Newton and More up till the clip More was around 70 old ages of age. Did More s thoughts of infinite influence Newton? It is impossible to state with any certainty, but we can surely observe that Newton s thought of absolute infinite and clip was important to his natural philosophies and that this impression of infinite is closely related to that set frontward by More in his statements against Descartes. Besides in footings of gravitation, for Descartes it was necessary to hold an interaction through affair between the organic structures. For Newton gravitation was a force which acted through empty infinite and although he does non look to hold identified infinite with God as More did, nevertheless the religious facet of infinite supported Newton s gravitative theories. More neer sought promotion within Cambridge, declining to stand for places such as Master. He was a modest adult male who felt that he did non hold the necessary endowments for such functions. He wrote: I have measured myself from the tallness to the deepness ; and what I can make, and what I ought to make, and I do it. J J OConnor and E F Robertson